Fol. Biol. 2021, 67, 183-190

https://doi.org/10.14712/fb2021067050183

Over-expression of Apolipoprotein J Inhibits Cholesterol Crystal-Induced Inflammatory Responses via Suppressing NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in THP-1 Macrophages

Y. Li1, Y.-Q. Song2, Y. Zhang2, T. Liu2, Qin Qin1

1Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Jinnan City, Tianjin Province, China
2Cardiovascular Institute, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Jinnan City, Tianjin Province, China

Received June 2021
Accepted December 2021

Apolipoprotein J (clusterin) is a component of high-density lipoproteins, the high level of which is reversely correlated with the risk of coronary heart disease. In addition, it exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects on endothelial cells and inhibits smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation, indicating that it may play a protective role in cardiovascular disease. However, the exact mechanisms by which this occurs remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify these underlying protective mechanisms by researching the inhibitory effects of apolipoprotein J via the NOD-like receptor protein 3 pathway on the inflammation induced by cholesterol crystals in THP‑1 macrophages. In culture, THP-1 macrophages were infected with adenoviral vectors containing apolipoprotein J genes and subsequently treated with cholesterol crystals. The inflammatory cytokines interleukin‑1β, interleukin 18 and tumour necrosis factor α were quantitatively measured with ELISA kits. NOD-like receptor protein 3, cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 1 and interleukin 1β were evaluated by Western blot and PCR analysis. As a result, apolipoprotein J expression was found to remarkably decrease the levels of inflammatory cytokines, including tumour necrosis factor α, interleukin 18 and interleukin 1β, secreted by THP‑1 macrophages. It was also found capable of inhibiting the levels of NOD-like receptor protein 3, cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase 1 and interleukin 1β both at the protein and mRNA levels. In the current study, we revealed that over-expression of apolipoprotein J attenuated the inflammation induced by cholesterol crystals through inhibition of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome pathway.

Funding

This study was supported by the Project of Tianjin Chest Hospital 2018XKZ15 (Effect of Apolipoprotein J on the NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Atherosclerosis).

References

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