Fol. Biol. 2024, 70, 239-247
https://doi.org/10.14712/fb2024070050239
Dyslipidaemia in Liver Diseases
References
1. 2015) Chronic hepatitis virus infection and lipoprotein metabolism. World J. Gastroenterol. 21, 10299-10313.
< , Y., Seki, N., Nagano, T. et al. (https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v21.i36.10299>
2. 2016) Correlation of duration of hepatitis C infection with triglycerides and total cholesterol. J. Islamabad Med. Dent. Coll. 5, 168-171.
, M. I. K., Kazmi, A., Haider, I. et al. (
3. 2024) Understanding hypertriglyceridemia: integrating genetic insights. Genes (Basel) 15, 190.
< , M., Laranjeira, F., Correia-da-Silva, G. (https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15020190>
4. 2005) Hepatitis C virus particles and lipoprotein metabolism. Semin. Liver Dis. 5, 93-104.
< , P., Perlemuter, G., Budkowska, A. et al. (https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2005-864785>
5. Arvind, A., Osganian, S. A., Cohen, D. E. et al. (2019 [Updated 2019 Jul 21]) Lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in liver disease. In: Endotext [Internet], eds. Feingold, K. R., Anawalt, B., Blackman, M. R. et al., South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com, Inc.; 2000. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK326742/
6. 2022) A modern approach to dyslipidemia. Endocr. Rev. 43, 611-653.
< , A. J., Hegele, R. A. (https://doi.org/10.1210/endrev/bnab037>
7. 2015) Lipid profile in cirrhotic patients and its relation to clinical outcome. Arq. Bras. Cir. Dis. 28, 132-135.
< , L., Bassani, L., Marroni, C. A. et al. (https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-67202015000200012>
8. Brewer, H. B. Jr. (2015) High density lipoprotein metabolism. In: Clinical Lipidology. A Companion to BraunwARLD’s Heart Disease, ed. Ballantyne, C. M., pp. 43-51, 2nd ed. Elsevier, Philadelphia.
9. 2012) Effects of ethanol intake on lipoproteins. Curr. Atheroscler. Rep. 14, 108-114.
< , E. A. (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11883-012-0230-7>
10. 2022) Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma: clinical challenges of an intriguing link. World J. Gastroenterol. 28, 310-331.
< , L., Giannakodimos, I., Diamantopoulou, P. et al. (https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v28.i3.310>
11. 1997) Serum lipid and lipoprotein patterns in patients with liver cirrhosis and chronic active hepatitis. Arch. Intern. Med. 157, 792-796.
< , C., Malavolti, M., Morselli-Labate, A. M. et al. (https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.1997.00440280120012>
12. 2014) Management of dyslipidemia as a cardiovascular risk factor in individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 12, 1077-1084.
< , K. E., Chalasani, N. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2013.08.014>
13. 2013) Lipoprotein X: clinical implications. Ann. Clin. Biochem. 50, 93-94.
< , M. A. (https://doi.org/10.1177/0004563213478804>
14. 2020) Dyslipidemia in patients with hepatitis C virus infection. Ann. Tropic. Med. Health 23, 23-941.
, L., Hmood, A. R., Dahalemi, A. K. et al. (
15. 2010) Biliary cholesterol secretion: more than a simple ABC. World J. Gastroenterol. 16, 5936-5945.
, A., Tietge, U. J. F. (
16. 2020) Genetics of hypertriglyceridemia. Front. Endocrinol. 11, 455.
< , J. S., Hegele, R. A. (https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2020.00455>
17. 2011) Alcoholic liver disease: pathogenesis and new therapeutic targets. Gastroenterology 141, 1572-1585.
< , B., Bataller, R. (https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2011.09.002>
18. 2017) Lipoprotein X detected in a case of hypercholesterolemia associated with chronic cholangiohepatitis. Ann. Lab. Med. 37, 550-552.
< , J., Lee, S.-G., Kim, J.-H. (https://doi.org/10.3343/alm.2017.37.6.550>
19. 2023) Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: definition and subtypes. Clin. Mol. Hepatol. 29(Suppl.), S5-S16.
< , S. K., Baik, S. K., Kim, M. Y. (https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2022.0424>
20. 2017) Serum metabolomics analysis reveals a distinct metabolic profile of patients with primary biliary cholangitis. Sci. Rep. 7, 784.
< , J., Yang, T., Zhou, Y. (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-00944-9>
21. 2021) Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and lipoprotein metabolism. Mol. Metab. 50, 101238.
< , J., Scheja, L. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101238>
22. Herink, M., Ito, M. K., Feingold, K. R. et al. [Updated 2018 May 10] Medication induced changes in lipid and lipoproteins. In: Endotext [Internet], eds. Feingold, K. R., Anawalt, B., Blackman, M.R. et al., South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com, Inc.; 2000. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK326739/
23. 2018) Pathophysiology of diabetic dyslipidemia. J. Atheroscler. Thromb. 25, 771-782.
< , T. (https://doi.org/10.5551/jat.RV17023>
24. 2014) Small dense low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations predict risk for coronary heart disease: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Arterioscl. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 34, 1069-1077.
< , R. C., Gaubatz, J. W., Sun, W. et al. (https://doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.114.303284>
25. 2021) Pathophysiological aspects of alcohol metabolism in the liver. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 22, 5717.
< , J., Han, J., Lee, C. et al. (https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115717>
26. 2020) Prevalence and association of HBV and HCV infection with cardiovascular disease risk factors in a peri-urban population. J. Pak. Med. Assoc. 70, 58-63.
, S., Rasheed, A., Jabeen, N. et al. (
27. 2020) Alcohol effects on hepatic lipid metabolism. J. Lipid Res. 61, 470-479.
< , S., Carr, R. (https://doi.org/10.1194/jlr.R119000547>
28. 2021) NAFLD and cardiovascular diseases: a clinical review. Clin. Res. Cardiol. 110, 921-937.
< , P., Martin, A., Lang, S. et al. (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00392-020-01709-7>
29. 2022) Insulin resistance: from mechanisms to therapeutic strategies. Diabetes Metab. J. 46, 15-37.
< , S. H., Park, S.-Y., Choi, C. S. (https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2021.0280>
30. 2015) Hypertriglyceridemia in the genomic era: a new paradigm. Endocr. Rev. 36, 131-147.
< , G. F., Xiao, C., Hegele, R. A. (https://doi.org/10.1210/er.2014-1062>
31. 2019) Crosstalk between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiometabolic syndrome. Obes. Rev. 20, 599-611.
< , S., Taskinen, M.-R., Borén, J. (https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12820>
32. 2009) Primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 50, 291-308.
< , K. D., Gershwin, M. E., Poupon, R. et al. (https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.22906>
33. 2015) ACG clinical guideline: primary sclerosing cholangitis. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 110, 646-659.
< , K. D., Kowdley, K. V., Harrison, M. E. (https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2015.112>
34. 2014) Cardiovascular risk, lipidemic phenotype and steatosis. A comparative analysis of cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic liver disease due to varying etiology. Atherosclerosis 232, 99-109.
< , P., Marchesini, G., Nascimbeni, F. et al. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.10.030>
35. 1976) Formation of lipoprotein-X. Its relationship to bile compounds. J. Clin. Invest. 57, 1248-1260.
< , E., Fellin, R., Baggio, G. et al. (https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI108393>
36. 2022) NAFLD: mechanisms, treatments, and biomarkers. Biomolecules 12, 824.
< , F. (https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12060824>
37. 2016) Cholesterol metabolism in cholestatic liver disease and liver transplantation: from molecular mechanisms to clinical implications. World J. Hepatol. 8, 924-932.
< , K., Aberg, F., Gylling, H. et al. (https://doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v8.i22.924>
38. 2010) Alcoholic liver disease. Hepatology 51, 307-328.
< , R. S., Dasarathy, S., McCullough, A. J. (https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.23258>
39. 2017) Alcoholic liver disease: pathogenesis and current management. Alcohol Res. 38, 147-161.
, N. A., Donohue, M. T., Kharbanda, K. K. (
40. 2020) Causes and consequences of hypertriglyceridemia. Front. Endocrinol. 11, 532994.
< , C. J., Boren, J., Taskinen, M. R. (https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2020.00252>
41. 2019) Lipoprotein metabolism in liver diseases. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 30, 30-36.
< , M. C., Sandhu, B., Bonder, A. et al. (https://doi.org/10.1097/MOL.0000000000000569>
42. 2017) Clinical epidemiology and disease burden of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. World J. Gastroenterol. 23, 8263-8276.
< , B. J., Khan, M. A., Yoo, E. R. et al. (https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v23.i47.8263>
43. 2018) Mechanisms of insulin action and insulin resistance. Physiol. Rev. 98, 2133-2223.
< , M. C., Shulman, G. I. (https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00063.2017>
44. 2015) Severe hypercholesterolemia mediated by lipoprotein X in a patient with cholestasis. Ann. Hepatol. 6, 924-928.
< , D. V., Zemlin, A. E. (https://doi.org/10.5604/16652681.1171785>
45. Pownal, H. J., Rosales, C., Gillard, B. K. et al. (2015) Human plasma lipoprotein metabolism. In: Clinical Lipidology. A Companion to BraunwARLD’s Heart Disease, ed. Ballantyne, C. M., pp. 1-10, 2nd ed. Elsevier, Philadelphia.
46. 2018) Abnormalities of lipoprotein levels in liver cirrhosis: clinical relevance. Dig. Dis. Sci. 63, 16-26.
< , G., Spadaro, L., Marchisello, S. et al. (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-017-4862-x>
47. 2012) Concept of the pathogenesis and treatment of cholelithiasis. World J. Hepatol. 27, 18-34.
< , V. I. (https://doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v4.i2.18>
48. Roy-Chowdhury, N., Roy-Chowdhury, J. (2010) Liver physiology and energy metabolism. In: Sleisenger and Fordtran’s Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease-2 Volume Set: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Management, Expert Consult Premium Edition-Enhanced Online Features and Print, eds. Feldman, M., Friedman, L. S., Brandt, L. J., pp. 1207-1225, 9th ed. Elsevier, Philadelphia.
49. 1992) Bile acid biosynthesis. Biochemistry 31, 4737-4749.
< , D. W., Setchell, K. D. (https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00135a001>
50. 2015) The subtle balance between lipolysis and lipogenesis: a critical point in metabolic homeostasis. Nutrients 7, 9453-9474.
< , C., Gaggini, M., Carli, F. et al. (https://doi.org/10.3390/nu7115475>
51. 2018) Genetics of alcoholic liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Clin. Med. (Lond.) 18(Suppl. 2), s54-s59.
< , E., Anstee, Q. M. (https://doi.org/10.7861/clinmedicine.18-2-s54>
52. 2018) Treatment of dyslipidemia in common liver diseases. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 16, 1189-1196.
< , E. K., Balakrishnan, M., Friedman, L. S. et al. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2018.04.023>
53. 2004) Efficacy and safety of lamivudine treatment for chronic hepatitis B in pregnancy. World J. Gastroenterol. 10, 910-912.
< , G. G., Pan, K. H., Zhao, N. F. et al. (https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v10.i6.910>
54. 2017) Lipoprotein-X in cholestatic patients causes xanthomas and promotes foam cell formation in human macrophages. J. Clin. Lipidol. 11, 110-118.
< , L., Hirayama, S., Fukui, M. et al. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacl.2016.10.013>
55. 2010) Risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 363, 1341-1350.
< , G., Day, C. P., Bonora, E. (https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra0912063>
56. 2015) New insights into the pathophysiology of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes. Atherosclerosis 239, 483-495.
< , M. R., Borén, J. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.01.039>
57. 2012) The effect of alcohol on postprandial and fasting triglycerides. Int. J. Vasc. Med. 1, 862504.
, A. (
58. WHO (2023) No level of alcohol consumption is safe for our health 2023. Retrieved from: https://www.who.int/europe/news/item/04-01-2023-no-level-of-alcohol-consumption-is-safe-for-our-health
59. 2012) The role of pathway-selective insulin resistance and responsiveness in diabetic dyslipoproteinemia. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 23, 334-344.
< , X., Chen, K., Williams, K. J. (https://doi.org/10.1097/MOL.0b013e3283544424>
60. 2015) Statin use and the risk of cirrhosis development in patients with hepatitis C virus infection. J. Hepatol. 63, 1111-1117.
< , Y. H., Tsan, Y. T., Chen, M. J. et al. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2015.07.006>
61. 2019) Effect of ethanol on lipid metabolism. J. Hepatol. 70, 237-248.
< , M., Arteel, G. E. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2018.10.037>
62. 2023) Insights into the roles and pathomechanisms of ceramide and sphigosine-1-phosphate in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Int. J. Biol. Sci. 19, 311-330.
< , C., Huai, Q., Zhang, X. et al. (https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.78525>
63. 2008) The influence of polymorphism of −493G/T MTP gene promoter and metabolic syndrome on lipids, fatty acids and oxidative stress. J. Nutr. Biochem. 9, 634-641.
< , A., Jáchymová, M., Tvrzická, E. et al. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2007.09.001>